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Sexual health guide
STI testing in South Africa: the complete guide
What each test actually covers, what it costs, how soon you can test and what happens if something is found. No doctor's referral needed for any of it.
Basically
- No doctor's referral is needed for any sexual health test at Epicentre. Walk in, or order a home kit.
- PCR swab panels run from R1,235 to R3,305. The most-chosen is the Medium at R1,580 for 9 targets, which includes HPV.
- HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B are blood tests and are in none of those panels. Add them for R524, or take the blood-based Sexual Health Express at R1,078.
- PCR results take 5 to 7 working days, blood antibody tests 2 to 3, and the HIV rapid test 15 to 20 minutes while you wait.
- A genital swab does not cover your throat or rectum. We add a throat or anal swab to any panel at no extra charge.
- Epicentre does not diagnose, prescribe or treat. If something is found, you take the report to a doctor.
There are two kinds of STI test, and one is not inside the other
Almost every expensive mistake in sexual health testing comes from not knowing this. Most infections are found on a swab. Three of the ones people worry about most are found in blood.
Swab or urine
PCR panels, R1,235 to R3,305
- Chlamydia and gonorrhoea
- Trichomoniasis
- Herpes, from an active sore
- HPV
- Mycoplasma genitalium and ureaplasma
- Vaginal flora, candida, chancroid
You collect the sample yourself. Works as a home kit. Results in 5 to 7 working days.
Blood
From R150, or all three for R524
- HIV
- Syphilis
- Hepatitis B and C
- Herpes antibodies, between outbreaks
Needs a branch visit. No home kit involves a blood draw. Results in 2 to 3 working days.
Buying the biggest swab panel does not cover HIV, syphilis or hepatitis B. Someone who takes our 34-target Extra Large and nothing else has not been tested for any of those three. Most people order a panel from Route 1 and the R524 blood test from Route 2 together, which is the whole picture.
Start from what you have noticed
Not a diagnosis. Epicentre does not diagnose. This is a map from the thing that made you look this up to the test that covers it.
Nothing at all
Most STIs have no symptoms. This is the single most common reason people test, and it is the whole reason screening exists.
Unusual discharge
Common to chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis, Mycoplasma genitalium, ureaplasma and bacterial vaginosis.
Burning when you urinate
Often a urinary tract infection, sometimes chlamydia, gonorrhoea or Mycoplasma genitalium.
A sore, ulcer or blister
Herpes, syphilis and chancroid all cause genital sores, and they look different from each other.
Itching, odour or irritation
More often bacterial vaginosis or thrush than an STI, but the two overlap and are treated differently.
Pelvic or testicular pain
Can follow an untreated infection. This one is worth seeing a doctor about, not only testing.
A new partner, no symptoms
The reason most people come in. Nothing is wrong; you want a baseline before or between partners.
Someone told you to test
A partner tested positive, or a clinic asked you to. You do not need a referral to act on that.
If your symptoms are severe, if you have a fever, or if there is pelvic or testicular pain, see a doctor as well as testing. A result takes days; a doctor can examine you today.
How wide a panel do you want
The five PCR panels differ in one way only: how many organisms they look for. Wider is not automatically better. It is better when you have symptoms, or when you want a full picture rather than a spot check.
All prices include VAT and no doctor's referral is needed. HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B are not included in any of these five panels, because they are blood tests.
Everything else we test for
How soon after sex can you test
Testing the next morning tells you almost nothing. Each test has a point at which it becomes reliable, and they are not the same point.
- Within 72 hours
Not a testing window. If you are worried about an HIV exposure, see a doctor or clinic today: preventive medication only works if it is started inside 72 hours. Epicentre does not prescribe.
- 1 to 2 weeks
PCR swab and urine panels become reliable. This covers chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis, HPV, Mycoplasma genitalium and ureaplasma.
- From 2 weeks
The 4th-generation HIV blood test, which detects the p24 antigen as well as antibodies.
- 3 to 6 weeks
Syphilis antibodies. Hepatitis B surface antigen is generally detectable from around 4 weeks.
- 6 to 12 weeks
Herpes antibodies, if you have no sore to swab. A swab of an active sore works immediately and is the better test.
The infections, one by one
Each has its own page: what it is, how it spreads, what it does if it is left, how it is tested and what a result means.
A genital swab does not cover your throat
Gonorrhoea, chlamydia and syphilis can all live in the throat or the rectum without causing anything you would notice, and a genital sample will not find them there. This is one of the most common gaps in STI screening anywhere.
We add a throat swab, an anal swab, or both, to any sexual health panel at no extra charge. Ask when you book. There are also two dedicated oral panels: R1,580 for 9 targets, or R1,925 for 16, which adds the ordinary respiratory organisms from the same sample.
Three ways to do it
Walk into a branch
No appointment and no doctor's referral. You are taken to a private room, you take your own swab or give a urine sample, and a nurse draws blood only if your order includes a blood test.
About 15 minutes. You pay at the desk.
Order a home kit
Couriered to you in discreet packaging with instructions inside. You take the sample, seal it in the bag provided, and book a free courier collection on WhatsApp.
Blood cannot be done at home, so HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B still need a branch visit.
Collect from a pickup point
If you would rather not have a parcel arrive: Sea Point, Gardens, Stellenbosch (three pharmacies) and Durban Central.
You sample at home and we collect from you free.
Your result, and what happens next
PCR results come back as a single YourGenes report: colour coded, in plain language, with a per-organism assessment and recommendations. It is written to be read by you and used by a doctor. There is no second report.
If something is detected, Epicentre does not treat it. We are a laboratory. You have two equally good routes:
Your own doctor or clinic
Take the report with you. It carries the organism-level detail they need, so nothing has to be repeated.
An independent doctor we work with
Consults online or in person on sexual health results specifically. She prescribes on her own responsibility, not as an Epicentre service.
What we cannot do
Diagnose, prescribe or treat, anywhere, including on WhatsApp. And whichever route you take, your partner should be tested.
Where to find us
Cape Town
24 Lower Main Road, Observatory, 7925
Monday to Friday, 08:30 to 16:00
Durban
2 Knelsby Avenue, Hillcrest, 3650
Monday to Friday, 08:30 to 16:00
Johannesburg
02 7th Avenue, Parktown North
Monday to Friday, 08:30 to 16:00
All three branches are closed on South African public holidays.
You do not need a reason, and you do not need a referral
Walk in at any of our three branches, or have a kit couriered to you. Results are emailed to you and to nobody else.
Common questions
Do I need a doctor's referral to get tested for an STI?
No. Every test on this page can be booked and paid for directly. Walk into any of our three branches, or order a home kit. You only need a doctor afterwards if something is detected and needs treating, because Epicentre does not prescribe or treat.
How much does STI testing cost in South Africa?
PCR swab panels run from R1,235 for 4 targets to R3,305 for 34. The most-chosen panel is the Medium at R1,580 for 9 targets. Blood tests are separate: HIV rapid R150, the combined HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B add-on R524, and the blood-based Sexual Health Express R1,078. All prices include VAT. Students get 10% off with a Varsity Vibe ID, pensioners get 10%, and Payflex splits anything over R1,200 into 4 interest-free instalments.
Are HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B included in the PCR packages?
No, and this is the single most important thing to understand about STI testing. HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B are antibody tests done on blood. They are not part of any PCR swab panel. If you want them, add the Combined HIV, Syphilis and Hepatitis B Add-On at R524, or take the blood-based Sexual Health Express at R1,078. A PCR panel alone, however large, does not cover these three.
How long do STI results take?
PCR panels take 5 to 7 working days. Blood antibody tests take 2 to 3 working days. The HIV rapid test gives a result in 15 to 20 minutes while you wait. Results are emailed to you, to nobody else.
How soon after sex can I test?
PCR is most accurate from around 1 to 2 weeks after the exposure you are worried about. The HIV antibody test is reliable from around 2 weeks, and syphilis antibodies take a similar time. Testing the next morning is usually too early to be meaningful. If you are worried about an exposure in the last 72 hours, see a doctor or clinic today rather than waiting to test, because some things are time-critical.
Can I do an STI test at home?
Yes for anything that uses a swab or urine, which is every PCR panel. The kit is couriered to you in discreet packaging, you take the sample yourself, and a free courier collects it. No for anything that needs blood, which means HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B have to be done at a branch. You can also collect a kit from one of our pickup points instead of having it posted.
Is the test confidential?
Yes. Results are released to the person tested and to nobody else, not to a partner, not to an employer, not to a medical aid unless you submit the claim yourself. You do not need to give a reason for testing.
Does medical aid cover STI testing?
Most schemes do not cover sexual health PCR as a routine benefit, so do not assume yours will. Some cover HIV testing under preventative care. Your scheme may pay with a doctor's referral and the right ICD-10 code, but you need to check with them directly. We give you a tax invoice with the codes on it; the claim itself is yours to submit.
What happens if something is detected?
You get a YourGenes report that says plainly what was found and what it means, written so that both you and a doctor can read it. Epicentre does not diagnose, prescribe or treat. You take that report to your own doctor or clinic, or to the independent doctor we work with, who can consult online or in person. Your partner should be tested too.
Can I test my throat or rectum?
Yes, and this is worth knowing: a genital swab does not detect a throat or rectal infection. We add a throat swab, an anal swab, or both, to any sexual health panel at no extra charge. There are also two dedicated oral panels, at R1,580 for 9 targets and R1,925 for 16.
Which STI test should I get?
If you have no symptoms and want a sensible baseline, the Medium at R1,580 plus the R524 blood add-on is the usual answer. If you have symptoms, the 17-target panel matching your anatomy gives you the flora as well as the STIs. If you want everything in one go, the Extra Large at R3,305 is the most thorough panel we run. If you only want HIV today, the rapid test is R150 and takes 20 minutes.
Do you treat STIs?
No. Epicentre is a laboratory. We collect samples, run tests and report results. We do not diagnose, prescribe medication or provide treatment, anywhere, including on WhatsApp. If a result needs treating, you take it to a doctor or clinic. We can point you to one.
Why people trust us with this
Ready to test
No appointment and no doctor's referral. Walk into any of our three branches, or have a kit couriered to you in discreet packaging.
Not ready yet
That is normal, and there is no rush. Take the prices away with you, or ask us something without booking anything.
Other infections in this guide
Important. Epicentre Walk-In Labs is a diagnostic laboratory operated by Epicentre Aids Risk Management (Pty) Ltd. We collect samples, run tests and report results. We do not diagnose conditions, prescribe medication or provide treatment, and nothing on this page is medical advice. Results are released to the person tested. If you have symptoms that worry you, or think you may need urgent care after an exposure, see a doctor or clinic without waiting for a test result.