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Sexual health guide

STI testing in South Africa: the complete guide

What each test actually covers, what it costs, how soon you can test and what happens if something is found. No doctor's referral needed for any of it.

From R1,235PCR panels, 4 to 34 targets
5 to 7 daysPCR results, blood in 2 to 3 days
Walk inNo doctor's referral needed

Basically

  • No doctor's referral is needed for any sexual health test at Epicentre. Walk in, or order a home kit.
  • PCR swab panels run from R1,235 to R3,305. The most-chosen is the Medium at R1,580 for 9 targets, which includes HPV.
  • HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B are blood tests and are in none of those panels. Add them for R524, or take the blood-based Sexual Health Express at R1,078.
  • PCR results take 5 to 7 working days, blood antibody tests 2 to 3, and the HIV rapid test 15 to 20 minutes while you wait.
  • A genital swab does not cover your throat or rectum. We add a throat or anal swab to any panel at no extra charge.
  • Epicentre does not diagnose, prescribe or treat. If something is found, you take the report to a doctor.

There are two kinds of STI test, and one is not inside the other

Almost every expensive mistake in sexual health testing comes from not knowing this. Most infections are found on a swab. Three of the ones people worry about most are found in blood.

Route 1

Swab or urine

PCR panels, R1,235 to R3,305

  • Chlamydia and gonorrhoea
  • Trichomoniasis
  • Herpes, from an active sore
  • HPV
  • Mycoplasma genitalium and ureaplasma
  • Vaginal flora, candida, chancroid

You collect the sample yourself. Works as a home kit. Results in 5 to 7 working days.

and separately
Route 2

Blood

From R150, or all three for R524

  • HIV
  • Syphilis
  • Hepatitis B and C
  • Herpes antibodies, between outbreaks

Needs a branch visit. No home kit involves a blood draw. Results in 2 to 3 working days.

The thing people get wrong

Buying the biggest swab panel does not cover HIV, syphilis or hepatitis B. Someone who takes our 34-target Extra Large and nothing else has not been tested for any of those three. Most people order a panel from Route 1 and the R524 blood test from Route 2 together, which is the whole picture.

Start from what you have noticed

Not a diagnosis. Epicentre does not diagnose. This is a map from the thing that made you look this up to the test that covers it.

Nothing at all

Most STIs have no symptoms. This is the single most common reason people test, and it is the whole reason screening exists.

Medium Sexual Health PackageR1,580A 9-target screen covers the common ones. Add the R524 blood test for HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B.

Unusual discharge

Common to chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis, Mycoplasma genitalium, ureaplasma and bacterial vaginosis.

Large Sexual Health, vaginal swabR1,925The 17-target vaginal panel covers the STIs and the vaginal flora together. Men: the 17-target penile panel.

Burning when you urinate

Often a urinary tract infection, sometimes chlamydia, gonorrhoea or Mycoplasma genitalium.

Medium Sexual Health PackageR1,580If it is only urinary symptoms with no exposure concern, the 11-target UTI panel at R1,609 may be the closer fit.

A sore, ulcer or blister

Herpes, syphilis and chancroid all cause genital sores, and they look different from each other.

Large Sexual Health, penile swabR1,925A sore can be swabbed directly. The penile 17-target panel includes syphilis and chancroid, as does the Extra Large.

Itching, odour or irritation

More often bacterial vaginosis or thrush than an STI, but the two overlap and are treated differently.

BV and Vaginal Microbiome ScreenR1,609The 17-target vaginal microbiome screen covers the flora. Add an STI panel if there has been a new partner.

Pelvic or testicular pain

Can follow an untreated infection. This one is worth seeing a doctor about, not only testing.

Large Sexual Health, vaginal swabR1,925Test, and see a doctor at the same time rather than waiting for the result.

A new partner, no symptoms

The reason most people come in. Nothing is wrong; you want a baseline before or between partners.

Medium Sexual Health PackageR1,580Add the R524 blood test. PCR is most accurate from 1 to 2 weeks after exposure.

Someone told you to test

A partner tested positive, or a clinic asked you to. You do not need a referral to act on that.

Medium Sexual Health PackageR1,580Bring any request form with you. If it names specific tests, we run those.

If your symptoms are severe, if you have a fever, or if there is pelvic or testicular pain, see a doctor as well as testing. A result takes days; a doctor can examine you today.

How wide a panel do you want

The five PCR panels differ in one way only: how many organisms they look for. Wider is not automatically better. It is better when you have symptoms, or when you want a full picture rather than a spot check.

All prices include VAT and no doctor's referral is needed. HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B are not included in any of these five panels, because they are blood tests.

10%Student discountVarsity Vibe ID, in branch or online
10%Pensioner discountOn most packages
4×Payflex instalmentsInterest free, over R1,200
FreeThroat or anal swabAdded to any panel, free

Everything else we test for

How soon after sex can you test

Testing the next morning tells you almost nothing. Each test has a point at which it becomes reliable, and they are not the same point.

  1. Within 72 hours

    Not a testing window. If you are worried about an HIV exposure, see a doctor or clinic today: preventive medication only works if it is started inside 72 hours. Epicentre does not prescribe.

  2. 1 to 2 weeks

    PCR swab and urine panels become reliable. This covers chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis, HPV, Mycoplasma genitalium and ureaplasma.

  3. From 2 weeks

    The 4th-generation HIV blood test, which detects the p24 antigen as well as antibodies.

  4. 3 to 6 weeks

    Syphilis antibodies. Hepatitis B surface antigen is generally detectable from around 4 weeks.

  5. 6 to 12 weeks

    Herpes antibodies, if you have no sore to swab. A swab of an active sore works immediately and is the better test.

The infections, one by one

Each has its own page: what it is, how it spreads, what it does if it is left, how it is tested and what a result means.

Bacterium Chlamydia The most commonly reported bacterial STI. Usually completely silent. PCR swab or urine · from R1,235 Bacterium Gonorrhoea Can infect the genitals, throat and rectum at the same time. PCR swab or urine · from R1,235 Parasite Trichomoniasis A parasite, not a bacterium. Very common and very often missed. PCR swab or urine · from R1,235 Virus Genital herpes Most people carrying it have never had a noticeable sore. Swab a sore, or a blood test between outbreaks · from R1,235 Virus HPV Behind cervical, anal, penile and throat cancers, and behind genital warts. PCR swab · from R1,580 Bacterium Mycoplasma genitalium A common cause of urethritis that basic screens never look for. PCR swab or urine · from R1,580 Bacterium Ureaplasma urealyticum Lives harmlessly in many people and causes symptoms in some. PCR swab or urine · from R1,580 Bacterium Mycoplasma hominis Linked to bacterial vaginosis and pelvic inflammatory disease. PCR swab · from R1,925 Bacterium Syphilis Curable, rising in South Africa, and the first sore is painless. Blood test, or PCR from a sore · from R1,078 Virus HIV Manageable for life with treatment, and undetectable means untransmittable. Blood only. Never a PCR panel. · from R150 Virus Viral hepatitis Hepatitis B and C. Both attack the liver, both often silent for years. Blood only. Never a PCR panel. · from R1,078 Bacterium Chancroid Painful genital ulcers caused by Haemophilus ducreyi. Rare but not gone. PCR swab · from R1,925 Symptom Male urethritis The symptom rather than the organism. Several different causes. PCR swab or urine · from R1,580

A genital swab does not cover your throat

Gonorrhoea, chlamydia and syphilis can all live in the throat or the rectum without causing anything you would notice, and a genital sample will not find them there. This is one of the most common gaps in STI screening anywhere.

We add a throat swab, an anal swab, or both, to any sexual health panel at no extra charge. Ask when you book. There are also two dedicated oral panels: R1,580 for 9 targets, or R1,925 for 16, which adds the ordinary respiratory organisms from the same sample.

Three ways to do it

Walk into a branch

No appointment and no doctor's referral. You are taken to a private room, you take your own swab or give a urine sample, and a nurse draws blood only if your order includes a blood test.

About 15 minutes. You pay at the desk.

Order a home kit

Couriered to you in discreet packaging with instructions inside. You take the sample, seal it in the bag provided, and book a free courier collection on WhatsApp.

Blood cannot be done at home, so HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B still need a branch visit.

Collect from a pickup point

If you would rather not have a parcel arrive: Sea Point, Gardens, Stellenbosch (three pharmacies) and Durban Central.

You sample at home and we collect from you free.

Your result, and what happens next

PCR results come back as a single YourGenes report: colour coded, in plain language, with a per-organism assessment and recommendations. It is written to be read by you and used by a doctor. There is no second report.

If something is detected, Epicentre does not treat it. We are a laboratory. You have two equally good routes:

Your own doctor or clinic

Take the report with you. It carries the organism-level detail they need, so nothing has to be repeated.

An independent doctor we work with

Consults online or in person on sexual health results specifically. She prescribes on her own responsibility, not as an Epicentre service.

What we cannot do

Diagnose, prescribe or treat, anywhere, including on WhatsApp. And whichever route you take, your partner should be tested.

Where to find us

Cape Town

24 Lower Main Road, Observatory, 7925

Monday to Friday, 08:30 to 16:00

021 201 1658  ·  Branch page

Durban

2 Knelsby Avenue, Hillcrest, 3650

Monday to Friday, 08:30 to 16:00

031 880 2150  ·  Branch page

Johannesburg

02 7th Avenue, Parktown North

Monday to Friday, 08:30 to 16:00

010 825 6318  ·  Branch page

All three branches are closed on South African public holidays.

You do not need a reason, and you do not need a referral

Walk in at any of our three branches, or have a kit couriered to you. Results are emailed to you and to nobody else.

Book a test See every sexual health test

Common questions

Do I need a doctor's referral to get tested for an STI?

No. Every test on this page can be booked and paid for directly. Walk into any of our three branches, or order a home kit. You only need a doctor afterwards if something is detected and needs treating, because Epicentre does not prescribe or treat.

How much does STI testing cost in South Africa?

PCR swab panels run from R1,235 for 4 targets to R3,305 for 34. The most-chosen panel is the Medium at R1,580 for 9 targets. Blood tests are separate: HIV rapid R150, the combined HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B add-on R524, and the blood-based Sexual Health Express R1,078. All prices include VAT. Students get 10% off with a Varsity Vibe ID, pensioners get 10%, and Payflex splits anything over R1,200 into 4 interest-free instalments.

Are HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B included in the PCR packages?

No, and this is the single most important thing to understand about STI testing. HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B are antibody tests done on blood. They are not part of any PCR swab panel. If you want them, add the Combined HIV, Syphilis and Hepatitis B Add-On at R524, or take the blood-based Sexual Health Express at R1,078. A PCR panel alone, however large, does not cover these three.

How long do STI results take?

PCR panels take 5 to 7 working days. Blood antibody tests take 2 to 3 working days. The HIV rapid test gives a result in 15 to 20 minutes while you wait. Results are emailed to you, to nobody else.

How soon after sex can I test?

PCR is most accurate from around 1 to 2 weeks after the exposure you are worried about. The HIV antibody test is reliable from around 2 weeks, and syphilis antibodies take a similar time. Testing the next morning is usually too early to be meaningful. If you are worried about an exposure in the last 72 hours, see a doctor or clinic today rather than waiting to test, because some things are time-critical.

Can I do an STI test at home?

Yes for anything that uses a swab or urine, which is every PCR panel. The kit is couriered to you in discreet packaging, you take the sample yourself, and a free courier collects it. No for anything that needs blood, which means HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B have to be done at a branch. You can also collect a kit from one of our pickup points instead of having it posted.

Is the test confidential?

Yes. Results are released to the person tested and to nobody else, not to a partner, not to an employer, not to a medical aid unless you submit the claim yourself. You do not need to give a reason for testing.

Does medical aid cover STI testing?

Most schemes do not cover sexual health PCR as a routine benefit, so do not assume yours will. Some cover HIV testing under preventative care. Your scheme may pay with a doctor's referral and the right ICD-10 code, but you need to check with them directly. We give you a tax invoice with the codes on it; the claim itself is yours to submit.

What happens if something is detected?

You get a YourGenes report that says plainly what was found and what it means, written so that both you and a doctor can read it. Epicentre does not diagnose, prescribe or treat. You take that report to your own doctor or clinic, or to the independent doctor we work with, who can consult online or in person. Your partner should be tested too.

Can I test my throat or rectum?

Yes, and this is worth knowing: a genital swab does not detect a throat or rectal infection. We add a throat swab, an anal swab, or both, to any sexual health panel at no extra charge. There are also two dedicated oral panels, at R1,580 for 9 targets and R1,925 for 16.

Which STI test should I get?

If you have no symptoms and want a sensible baseline, the Medium at R1,580 plus the R524 blood add-on is the usual answer. If you have symptoms, the 17-target panel matching your anatomy gives you the flora as well as the STIs. If you want everything in one go, the Extra Large at R3,305 is the most thorough panel we run. If you only want HIV today, the rapid test is R150 and takes 20 minutes.

Do you treat STIs?

No. Epicentre is a laboratory. We collect samples, run tests and report results. We do not diagnose, prescribe medication or provide treatment, anywhere, including on WhatsApp. If a result needs treating, you take it to a doctor or clinic. We can point you to one.

Why people trust us with this

Since 2001Running diagnostic and epidemiological research in South Africa.
Published with CAPRISA and the NICDIncluding work in The Lancet HIV. The same laboratories run our walk-in testing.
HPCSA practice 1117394A registered practice, not an online reseller.
Results go to you onlyNot to a partner, an employer, or a medical aid unless you submit the claim yourself.

Ready to test

No appointment and no doctor's referral. Walk into any of our three branches, or have a kit couriered to you in discreet packaging.

Book a test

Not ready yet

That is normal, and there is no rush. Take the prices away with you, or ask us something without booking anything.

See every test and price Ask on WhatsApp

Important. Epicentre Walk-In Labs is a diagnostic laboratory operated by Epicentre Aids Risk Management (Pty) Ltd. We collect samples, run tests and report results. We do not diagnose conditions, prescribe medication or provide treatment, and nothing on this page is medical advice. Results are released to the person tested. If you have symptoms that worry you, or think you may need urgent care after an exposure, see a doctor or clinic without waiting for a test result.