Bilharzia, or schistosomiasis, might sound like a far-off tropical disease, but it’s still affecting communities right here in South Africa. From children playing in rivers to families relying on dams and lakes for daily chores, millions remain at risk without even realising it. What makes bilharzia especially dangerous is that it often hides in the body without obvious symptoms, silently causing long-term damage. That’s why knowing about the disease — and getting tested early — is one of the most powerful steps you can take to protect yourself and your loved ones.
What is Bilharzia?
Bilharzia, also known as schistosomiasis, is a parasitic disease caused by Schistosoma worms. It is one of the most widespread tropical diseases, affecting millions of people worldwide, particularly in areas with poor sanitation and limited access to clean water. The disease poses a serious health risk if left undiagnosed, as it can cause long-term complications affecting the liver, intestines, bladder, and even the nervous system (World Health Organisation [WHO], 2023).
How Do You Catch Bilharzia In South Africa?
You can get bilharzia in South Africa by coming into contact with freshwater sources, such as rivers, dams, or lakes, that are contaminated with parasitic larvae. These larvae are released by freshwater snails, which act as hosts for the parasite. When people swim, bathe, wash clothes, fish, or work in these waters, the larvae penetrate the skin, develop into worms inside the body, and eventually release eggs that can cause serious damage to organs (WHO, 2023).
Symptoms of Bilharzia
While some individuals may not show immediate signs of infection, bilharzia can present with symptoms such as:
• Rash or itchy skin after water exposure
• Abdominal pain and diarrhoea
• Blood in urine or stool
• Fatigue and unexplained weight loss
• Enlarged liver or spleen in advanced cases
Chronic, untreated infections may lead to organ damage, infertility, and increased cancer risk, making early detection crucial.
Why is it Important to Test for Bilharzia?
Testing for bilharzia is essential because:
• Many infections go unnoticed until complications develop.
• Early detection allows for effective management before permanent organ damage occurs.
• In endemic regions, routine testing helps reduce community transmission.
At Epicentre, we prioritise accurate testing to ensure early detection and better health outcomes.
Bilharzia PCR Testing at Epicentre
Epicentre offers a Bilharzia Antigen (PCR) Test, which detects active infection. This advanced method identifies the presence of parasite DNA in the body, confirming if a person is currently infected.
Antigen vs Antibody (PCR) Testing
• Antigen Testing: Detects past or previous infection by identifying parasite proteins in the blood or urine. While helpful, it does not confirm if the infection is still active.
• Antigen (PCR) Testing: Detects active infection by analysing the genetic material of the parasite. This method is more precise, allowing healthcare providers to intervene promptly.
Bilharzia remains a serious but preventable disease. Testing plays a crucial role in early detection and the prevention of long-term complications. With Epicentre’s Antigen (PCR) Test, you can be confident in receiving accurate results that distinguish between past and active infections.
